Tehran University of Medical Sciences The Research in Heart Yield and Translational Medicine (RHYTHM) 3115-7270 18 1 2023 01 30 39 45 Sedigheh Sadat Naimi Physiotherapy Research Center, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Soulmaz Rahbar Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. Mohammad Reza Asadi Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. Hojjat Radinmehr Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. Ailin Talimkhani Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. Amin Doosti-Irani Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. Gholam Reza Hajvalie Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2022 10 25 2023 01 09 Background: The long-term effects of aerobic exercise on the cardiorespiratory system have been studied extensively. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of aerobic exercise with and without external loads on blood glucose, cardiovascular, respiratory, and body temperature indices in patients with type II diabetes. Methods: The present randomized control trial recruited participants from the Diabetes Center of Hamadan University through advertisement. Thirty individuals were selected and divided into an aerobic exercise group and a weighted vest group via block randomization. The intervention protocol included aerobic exercise on the treadmill (0 slopes) with an intensity of 50% to 70% of the maximum heart rate. The exercise program for the weighted vest group was identical to that of the aerobic group, except that the subjects wore a weighted vest. Results: The mean age of the study population was 46.77±5.11 years in the aerobic group and 48±5.95 years in the weighted vest group. After the intervention, blood glucose in the aerobic group (167.07±72.48 mg/dL; P<0.001) and the weighted vest group (167.75±61.53 mg/dL; P<0.001) was decreased. Additionally, resting heart rate (aerobic: 96.83±11.86 bpm and vest: 94.92±13.65 bpm) and body temperature (aerobic: 36.20±0.83 ℃ and vest: 35.48±0.46 ℃) were increased (P<0.001). Decreased systolic (aerobic: 117.92±19.27 mmHg and vest: 120.91±12.04 mmHg) and diastolic (aerobic: 77.38±7.54 mmHg and vest: 82.5±11.32 mmHg) blood pressure and increased respiration rate (aerobic: 23.07±5.45 breath/min and vest: 22±3.19 breath/min) were seen in both groups but were not statistically significant. Conclusion: One aerobic exercise session with and without external loads reduced blood glucose levels and systolic and diastolic blood pressure in our 2 study groups. https://rhythm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jthc/article/view/1744 https://rhythm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jthc/article/download/1744/1050