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<Articles JournalTitle="The Research in Heart Yield and Translational Medicine (RHYTHM)">
  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>Tehran University of Medical Sciences</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>The Research in Heart Yield and Translational Medicine (RHYTHM)</JournalTitle>
      <Issn>3115-7270</Issn>
      <Volume>18</Volume>
      <Issue>2</Issue>
      <PubDate PubStatus="epublish">
        <Year>2023</Year>
        <Month>04</Month>
        <Day>30</Day>
      </PubDate>
    </Journal>
    <title locale="en_US">Giant Sinoatrial Nodal Artery Aneurysm with Fistula into the Right Atrium Treated by Partial Resection and Plication: A Case Report</title>
    <FirstPage>142</FirstPage>
    <LastPage>145</LastPage>
    <AuthorList>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Usha</FirstName>
        <LastName>Kumari</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Mansoor</FirstName>
        <LastName>Rahman</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Postgraduate Trainee Cardiology, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar.</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Muneeb Ullah</FirstName>
        <LastName>Jan</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Cardiology, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar Pakistan</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Salecah Rahmat&#xA0;</FirstName>
        <LastName>Ullah</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">1. Central Michigan University Hospital Saginaw, USA. 2. Khawaja Safdar Medical College Sialkot, Pakistan</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Fakhar</FirstName>
        <LastName>Abbas</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan.</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Zara</FirstName>
        <LastName>Mirza</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Senior Resident, Cardiac Surgery, National Institute of Cardiovascular Disorders, Pakistan.</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Salim</FirstName>
        <LastName>Surani</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Adj. Clinical Professor of Medicine and Pharmacology, Texas A&amp;M University</affiliation>
      </Author>
    </AuthorList>
    <History>
      <PubDate PubStatus="received">
        <Year>2023</Year>
        <Month>01</Month>
        <Day>08</Day>
      </PubDate>
      <PubDate PubStatus="accepted">
        <Year>2023</Year>
        <Month>04</Month>
        <Day>30</Day>
      </PubDate>
    </History>
    <abstract locale="en_US">Coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs) occur when an artery dilates 1.5 times the reference vessel. They occur most commonly because of atherosclerosis. CAAs are a rare phenomenon, and it is even rarer to find a giant CAA, which is roughly defined as a size 400% above the reference vessel. Giant CAAs are commonly found in the right coronary artery. The sinoatrial nodal artery (SNA) is among the least common sites for CAA involvement. Sometimes, communication exists between the aneurysm and a chamber of the heart or a great vessel. The consequences of the fistula depend on its size. Because of the rarity of the condition, guidelines are not well developed. However, small CAAs can be managed conservatively, whereas giant CAAs require resection, ligation, and bypass grafting. CAAs have a predilection for males and the elderly. We describe a 40-year-old South Asian woman presenting with mild dyspnea on exertion of 1 year&#x2019;s duration. Echocardiography showed a 60&#xD7;60 mm cystic sac, subsequently confirmed by computerized tomography, which showed 3 large aneurysms (70&#xD7;61 mm) and 3 small aneurysms in the SNA. Coronary angiography illustrated that the SNA branched off the left main coronary artery, and the aneurysm communicated with the right coronary artery. The aneurysm was partially resected and plicated.</abstract>
    <web_url>https://rhythm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jthc/article/view/1788</web_url>
    <pdf_url>https://rhythm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jthc/article/download/1788/1068</pdf_url>
  </Article>
</Articles>
