Tehran University of Medical Sciences The Research in Heart Yield and Translational Medicine (RHYTHM) 3115-7270 13 4 2018 10 15 180 182 EN Ertan Demirdaş Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey. Kıvanç Atılgan Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey. Cengiz Er Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey. Süleyman Akın Yozgat State Hospital, Yozgat, Turkey. 2017 11 17 2018 07 18 Behçet's Disease (BD) is a multisystemic vasculitis which usually affects optical, genital, and oral mucosae and often reoccurs intermittently. Chylothorax is a very rare complication of BD which usually causes thrombosis in the major venous system. A 27-year-old man with a 10-year history of BD referred to our cardiovascular surgery department with symptoms of serious aches in the left arm, edema, and apparent veins on the left anterior chest wall. A total thrombosis of the left internal and external jugular veins and the left subclavian vein was observed. One month after a successful treatment and discharge, the patient returned to our clinic with symptoms of dyspnea and coughs. A chest radiograph showed a consolidated region. A milky liquid was aspirated through thoracocentesis from the left thorax, and its biochemical analysis helped us arrive at a diagnosis of chylothorax. The patient was hospitalized and administered corticosteroids and immunosuppressive therapy with a high-carbohydrate and low-fat dietary regimen for BD. Thereafter, a left thoracic drainage system was established. On the seventh day of hospitalization, due to a progressing cheilosis flow, a pleurodesis process was applied with talcum powder. However, the chylous drainage was continued and 60 mL of venous autologous blood was injected into the left thorax through a drainage tube. The treatment was successful, and the patient was discharged from the hospital uneventfully. At 1 month’s follow-up, the chest radiograph was normal. https://rhythm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jthc/article/view/815 https://rhythm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jthc/article/download/815/801